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[444] In an effort to reduce the amount of foreign-made media, government interventions in television broadcasting can include both regulation of content and public financing. [320] Eightypercent of Canadian adults self-report having at least one major risk factor for chronic disease: smoking, physical inactivity, unhealthy eating or excessive alcohol use. [276] As of 2020[update], the country has produced fifteen Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry, and medicine,[277] and was ranked fourth worldwide for scientific research quality in a major 2012 survey of international scientists. [121] Administered by the Canadian Catholic Church and funded by the Canadian government from 1828 to 1997, these boarding schools attempted to assimilate Indigenous children into Euro-Canadian culture. [14] The government of Louis St. Laurent ended the practice of using Dominion in the statutes of Canada in 1951. A booster dose can help strengthen our protection against severe forms of COVID-19 Report a problem or mistake on this page. The delay underscored Canada's independence. Canada has ten provinces and three territories that are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution.In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North AmericaNew Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and the Province of Canada (which upon Confederation was divided into Ontario and Quebec)united to form a federation, From east to west it stretches almost 4,700 miles (7,560 kilometers) across six time zones. [139] The rate of warming has been higher across the North and in the Prairies. COVID-19 booster dose. [209] In most rural and some urban areas, policing responsibilities are contracted to the federal Royal Canadian Mounted Police. [129] Canada is also home to the world's northernmost settlement, Canadian Forces Station Alert, on the northern tip of Ellesmere Islandlatitude 82.5Nwhich lies 817 kilometres (508mi) from the North Pole. [481] Most recently, Canada hosted the 2015 Pan American Games and 2015 Parapan American Games in Toronto, the former being one of the largest sporting events hosted by the country. WebCanada - CBC News. [443], Non-news media content in Canada, including film and television, is influenced both by local creators as well as by imports from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and France. From north to south it spans more than half the Northern Hemisphere. [35] The Crown and Indigenous peoples began interactions during the European colonization period, though the Inuit, in general, had more limited interaction with European settlers. [153] Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area is the world's largest freshwater protected area, spanning roughly 10,000 square kilometres (3,900sqmi) of lakebed, its overlaying freshwater, and associated shoreline on 60 square kilometres (23sqmi) of islands and mainland. [309] Life expectancy is 81.1 years. A house was sold without the owners' consent. Beginning in the 16th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled along the Atlantic coast. A booster dose can help strengthen our protection against severe forms of COVID-19 Report a problem or [139] In the southern regions of Canada, air pollution from both Canada and the United Statescaused by metal smelting, burning coal to power utilities, and vehicle emissionshas resulted in acid rain, which has severely impacted waterways, forest growth and agricultural productivity in Canada. Using its spending powers, the federal government can initiate national policies in provincial areas such as health and child care; the provinces can opt out of these cost-share programs but rarely do so in practice. Please select all that apply: A fuel pump is seen in a car at a gas station in Toronto April 22, 2014. [340] Canada spends about 5.3percent of its GDP on education. [42] French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and established the first permanent year-round European settlements at Port Royal (in 1605) and Quebec City (in 1608). Here's how to protect yourself. Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). The Arctic Ocean is to the north of Canada. [471] Great achievements in Canadian sports are recognized by Canada's Sports Hall of Fame,[472] while the Lou Marsh Trophy is awarded annually to Canada's top athlete by a panel of journalists. Ottawa is its capital and Toronto is its largest city. One of North Americas largest urban green spaces, Stanley Park is revered for its dramatic forest-and-mountain oceanfront views. Canada - CBC News. [459] The Canadian music industry is the sixth-largest in the world, producing internationally renowned composers, musicians and ensembles. In all, over a million Canadians served in the armed forces during World War II and approximately 42,000 were killed and another 55,000 were wounded. WebApply to travel, study, work or immigrate to Canada, apply for citizenship, a permanent resident card or refugee protection, check the status of your application or find a form. [100][101][102] Canada had established complete sovereignty as an independent country, although the monarch is retained as sovereign. WebCanada is a country to the north of the United States. More details on the reporting schedule. [245] Provinces and territories have responsibility for social programs such as health care, education, and welfare,[246] as well as administration of justice (but not criminal law). [458] Government support programs, such as the Canada Music Fund, assist a wide range of musicians and entrepreneurs who create, produce and market original and diverse Canadian music. Deaths. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. Canada is a country in North America. [377] Freedom of religion in Canada is a constitutionally protected right, allowing individuals to assemble and worship without limitation or interference. [426] The earliest Canadian narratives were of travel and exploration. Learn about labour mobility between provinces and territories. [401][402] In Quebec, cultural identity is strong, and there is a French Canadian culture that is distinct from English Canadian culture. [72] British Columbia and Vancouver Island (which had been united in 1866) joined the confederation in 1871 on the promise of a transcontinental railway extending to Victoria in the province within 10 years,[73] while Prince Edward Island joined in 1873. ", "The Governor General of Canada: Roles and Responsibilities", "House of Commons Procedure and Practice: Parliamentary Institutions", "The Opposition in a Parliamentary System", "Government and Canada's 41st Parliament: Questions and Answers", "Difference between Canadian Provinces and Territories", "Differences from Provincial Governments", "Keeping Canada and Our Communities Safe and Secure", Aboriginal roundtable on Kelowna Accord: Aboriginal policy negotiations 20042006, "Plans at a glance and operating context", "Millennium Development Goals: A sprint to 2015 and the way forward", "Torture by Army Peacekeepers in Somalia Shocks Canada", "Russia claims North Pole with Arctic flag stunt", "Trends in World Military Expenditure, 2021", Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, "More soldiers, ships and planes for military in Liberal defence plan", "Evolution of the world's 25 top trading nations Share of global exports of goods (%), 19782020", United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, "Who owns whom? [457] Canada has developed a vast music infrastructure that includes church halls, chamber halls, conservatories, academies, performing arts centres, record companies, radio stations and television music video channels. 49,871. [298] Canada spans latitudinally from the 83rd parallel north to the 41st parallel north, and approximately 95percent of the population is found south of the 55th parallel north. [398][399] The official state policy of multiculturalism is often cited as one of Canada's significant accomplishments,[400] and a key distinguishing element of Canadian identity. [189] Canada's three territories also have legislatures, but these are not sovereign and have fewer constitutional responsibilities than the provinces. Internet TLD. [413] Canadian humour is an integral part of the Canadian identity and is reflected in its folklore, literature, music, art, and media. The Programme for International Student Assessment indicates Canadian students perform well above the OECD average, particularly in mathematics, science, and reading,[345][346] ranking the overall knowledge and skills of Canadian 15-year-olds as the sixth-best in the world, although these scores have been declining in recent years. [347][348], According to the 2021 Canadian census, over 450 "ethnic or cultural origins" were self-reported by Canadians. Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays). [310][311] It is guided by the provisions of the Canada Health Act of 1984[312] and is universal. [367] New Brunswick, the only officially bilingual province, has a French-speaking Acadian minority constituting 33 percent of the population. Total cases. [46][47], In 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, by the royal prerogative of Queen Elizabeth I, founded St. John's, Newfoundland, as the first North American English seasonal camp. Indigenous peoples are not considered a visible minority in Statistics Canada calculations. [149], Approximately 12.1 percent of the nation's landmass and freshwater are conservation areas, including 11.4 percent designated as protected areas. [470] Other sports such as volleyball, skiing, cycling, swimming, badminton, tennis, bowling and the study of martial arts are all widely enjoyed at the youth and amateur levels. The Supreme Court of Canada is the highest court and final arbiter and has been led since December 18, 2017, by Richard Wagner, the chief justice of Canada. Apply to travel, study, work or immigrate to Canada, apply for citizenship, a permanent resident card or refugee protection, check the status of your application or find a form. [258] The country's average household disposable income per capita is "well above" the OECD average. Canada is the largest foreign supplier of energy to the US, including oil, natural gas, and electric power, and a top source of US uranium imports. [424] The penny, removed from circulation in 2013, featured the maple leaf. [138] Canada's annual average temperature over land has warmed by 1.7C (3.1F), with changes ranging from 1.1 to 2.3C (2.0 to 4.1F) in various regions, since 1948. [52][53] A series of four wars erupted in colonial North America between 1689 and 1763; the later wars of the period constituted the North American theatre of the Seven Years' War. [321] Four chronic diseasescancer (leading cause of death), cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and diabetesaccount for 65percent of deaths in Canada. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. Canada, the second largest country in the world in area (after Russia), occupying roughly the northern two-fifths of the continent of North America. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. [466] Calixa Lavalle wrote the music, which was a setting of a patriotic poem composed by the poet and judge Sir Adolphe-Basile Routhier. [439] As a result, the preservation of a distinctly Canadian culture is supported by federal government programs, laws, and institutions such as the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), and the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). [275], In 2019, Canada spent approximately $40.3billion on domestic research and development, of which over $7billion was provided by the federal and provincial governments. [366] Although more than 82 percent of French-speaking Canadians live in Quebec, there are substantial Francophone populations in New Brunswick, Alberta, and Manitoba; Ontario has the largest French-speaking population outside Quebec. [281], Some of the most notable scientific developments in Canada include the creation of the modern alkaline battery,[282] Insulin,[283] and the polio vaccine[284] and discoveries about the interior structure of the atomic nucleus. Although the Constitution of Canada refers to God and the monarch carries the title of "Defender of the Faith", Canada has no official church, and the government is officially committed to religious pluralism. [122], By total area (including its waters), Canada is the second-largest country in the world, after Russia. The maple leaf is depicted on Canada's current and previous flags, and on the Arms of Canada. [337] The largest university is the University of Toronto with over 85,000 students. TORONTO - Canadas mens basketball team will play exhibition games against Spain and Argentina this summer in preparation for the 2023 FIBA World Cup. The federal Cabinet also appoints justices to superior courts in the provincial and territorial jurisdictions. [333][334] Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education and post-secondary. [232][233] During the Cold War, Canada was a major contributor to UN forces in the Korean War and founded the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) in cooperation with the United States to defend against potential aerial attacks from the Soviet Union. [79] This caused the collapse of the Plains Bison in western Canada and the introduction of European cattle farms and wheat fields dominating the land. Given its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital stock, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. Stanley Park. New Brunswick was in turn split from Nova Scotia as part of a reorganization of Loyalist settlements in the Maritimes, which led to the incorporation of Saint John, New Brunswick, as Canada's first city. Despite Canadas great size, it is one of the worlds most sparsely populated countries. Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. [162][163] Peace, order, and good government, alongside an Implied Bill of Rights, are founding principles of the Canadian government. Its land reaches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. In my time at Caada College, I had the amazing opportunity to grow as a leader. [249] As the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces is defined in the constitution, any changes require a constitutional amendment. [435], Canada's media is highly autonomous, uncensored, diverse and very regionalized. [228] For example, it maintains full relations with Cuba and declined to participate in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. [395][396][397] Canada has placed emphasis on equality and inclusiveness for all its people. [229], Canada maintains historic ties to the United Kingdom and France and to other former British and French colonies through Canada's membership in the Commonwealth of Nations and the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. [24][25] Some of these cultures had collapsed by the time European explorers arrived in the late 15th and early 16th centuries and have only been discovered through archeological investigations. In turn, these may be grouped into four main regions: Western Canada, Central Canada, Atlantic Canada, and Northern Canada (Eastern Canada refers to Central Canada and Atlantic Canada together). It is the second largest country in the world, but it has only one-half of one percent of the world's population. Please select all that apply: It is to the north of the United States. The Province of Canada (or the United Province of Canada or the United Canadas) was a British colony in British North America from 1841 to 1867. [132][133] There are also fresh-water glaciers in the Canadian Rockies, the Coast Mountains and the Arctic Cordillera. Provincial and territorial case numbers. [84] Volunteers sent to the Western Front later became part of the Canadian Corps, which played a substantial role in the Battle of Vimy Ridge and other major engagements of the war. COVID-19 booster dose. COVID-19 vaccines have helped protect us. [388] Other faiths include Islam (4.9percent), Hinduism (2.3percent), Sikhism (2.1percent), Buddhism (1.0percent), Judaism (0.9percent), and Indigenous spirituality (0.2percent). [418] Canada's official tartan, known as the "maple leaf tartan", has four colours that reflect the colours of the maple leaf as it changes through the seasonsgreen in the spring, gold in the early autumn, red at the first frost, and brown after falling. [83], Because Britain still maintained control of Canada's foreign affairs under the British North America Act, 1867, its declaration of war in 1914 automatically brought Canada into World War I. Sell your goods or services to the government [226][227] Canada nevertheless has an independent foreign policy. [324] Canada's per-capita spending on health expenditures ranked 4th among health-care systems in the OECD. [10], From the 16th to the early 18th century, "Canada" referred to the part of New France that lay along the Saint Lawrence River. Canada, the second largest country in the world in area (after Russia), occupying roughly the northern two-fifths of the continent of North America. [349] The major panethnic groups chosen were: European (52.5percent), North American (22.9percent), Asian (19.3percent), North American Indigenous (6.1percent), African (3.8percent), Latin, Central and South American (2.5percent), Caribbean (2.1percent), Oceanian (0.3percent), and other (6percent). Canada is the largest foreign supplier of energy to the US, including oil, natural gas, and electric power, and a top source of US uranium imports. [195], Canadian federalism divides government responsibilities between the federal government and the ten provinces. COVID-19 vaccines have helped protect us. [145] Over half of Canada's landscape is intact and relatively free of human development. [262] Like many other developed countries, the Canadian economy is dominated by the service industry, which employs about three-quarters of the country's workforce. [205] The governor general appoints its nine members on the advice of the prime minister and minister of justice. [296], The 2021 Canadian census enumerated a total population of 36,991,981, an increase of around 5.2 percent over the 2016 figure. [329][330][331], Education in Canada is for the most part provided publicly, funded and overseen by federal, provincial, and local governments. [267] In the 1980s, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney's Progressive Conservatives abolished the NEP and changed the name of FIRA to Investment Canada to encourage foreign investment. [142] Although Canada has a low percentage of endemic species compared to other countries,[143] due to human activities, invasive species and environmental issues in the country, there are currently more than 800 species at risk of being lost. Canada is a country in the northern part of North America. [263] Among developed countries, Canada has an unusually important primary sector, of which the forestry and petroleum industries are the most prominent components. [61] To accommodate the influx of English-speaking Loyalists in Central Canada, the Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the province of Canada into French-speaking Lower Canada (later Quebec) and English-speaking Upper Canada (later Ontario), granting each its own elected legislative assembly. The nation employs a professional, volunteer force of approximately 68,000 active personnel and 27,000 reserve personnel, increasing to 71,500 and 30,000 respectively under "Strong, Secure, Engaged" with a sub-component of approximately 5,000 Canadian Rangers. WebVisit our Campus. Many moved to Canada, particularly Atlantic Canada, where their arrival changed the demographic distribution of the existing territories. [315] Approximately 65 to 75percent of Canadians have some form of supplementary health insurance related to the aforementioned reasons; many receive it through their employers or access secondary social service programs related to extended coverage for families receiving social assistance or vulnerable demographics, such as seniors, minors, and those with disabilities. WebCOVID-19 in Canada. [414], Themes of nature, pioneers, trappers, and traders played an important part in the early development of Canadian symbolism. [99], Finally, another series of constitutional conferences resulted in the UK's Canada Act 1982, the patriation of Canada's constitution from the United Kingdom, concurrent with the creation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. [191] The Prime Minister's Office (PMO) is thus one of the most powerful institutions in government, initiating most legislation for parliamentary approval and selecting for appointment by the Crown, besides the aforementioned, the governor general, lieutenant governors, senators, federal court judges, and heads of Crown corporations and government agencies. Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. [204], Canada's judiciary plays an important role in interpreting laws and has the power to strike down Acts of Parliament that violate the constitution. [247], The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act, 1867, whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada. Alberta and Saskatchewan became provinces in 1905. Ottawa is its capital and Toronto is its largest city. WebImmigrate to work and live in Canada . Contracts with government. [140], Canada is divided into fifteen terrestrial and five marine ecozones. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. [32][33], Although not without conflict, European Canadians' early interactions with First Nations and Inuit populations were relatively peaceful. [261] Canada's exports totalled over $637billion, while its imported goods were worth over $631billion, of which approximately $391billion originated from the United States. [13] By the 1950s, the term Dominion of Canada was no longer used by the United Kingdom, which considered Canada a "Realm of the Commonwealth". [360] The 2021 census indicated that 8.3million people, or almost one-quarter (23.0percent) of the population, reported themselves as being or having been a landed immigrant or permanent resident in Canadaabove the 1921 census previous record of 22.3percent. 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